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Increasing the Use of Natural Gas and the Kyoto Protocol
Pedro A. Perez
University of Utep Increasing the Use of Natural Gas and the Kyoto Protocol
Introduction In the midst of the struggle to combat global warming and the resultant climate
change is the unprecedented increase in the amounts of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere. A greenhouse gas denotes a gaseous compound in the atmosphere that has
the capacity to absorb infrared radiation, consequently trapping and holding heat. Hence,
greenhouse gases lead to the greenhouse effect because they increase the atmospheric
heat. Hence, this paper analyzes two different genres concerning their coverage
concerning increasing the use of natural gas to reduce greenhouse gases. Exxon Mobil
will help sustain a better because the Kyoto protocol requires Exxon to reduce
greenhouse gases. The Wall Street Journal falls under the typography genre. The article
by Daniel Gilbert is titled “Exxon, Shell Carbon Emissions Rise Though Pumping
Drops” and implies that Exxon is finding it difficult to tap new energy sources and that it
should be excused for the continued greenhouse emissions. On the other hand, CNN falls
under the iconography genre. Its broadcast titled “'Brazen assault on the EPA' implies that
Exxon and other oil producing companies must strive to weaken the powers of the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because regulating greenhouse emissions is a
costly venture.
Audience and Purpose
There have been concerted efforts to control the emission of greenhouse gases. Essentially, the efforts have included numerous meetings and conferences with stakeholders and the signing of several pacts. Unfortunately, all these efforts are yet to bear fruit as the problem continues to compound. In addition, some states have not been kept their side of the bargain. On the contrary, they have continued to emit gases into the atmosphere with abandon. A critical analysis of the media coverage of the issue shows a certain lack of objectivity. In actual sense, media houses cover news from slightly different angles to ensure the message fits the target audience. Accusations of open bias are common as some people regard the rendition of the message as skewed and calculated
to hoodwink the public. On the other hand, some media houses might harbor ulterior motives for adopting certain stands. They may cover news and events from a certain angle to enable them to achieve predetermined objectives. Hence, the reader must be critical when reading or watching news because what the media presents might not be a true reflection of the situation on the ground. The paper will examine the coverage of the
issue by the Wall Street Journal and Cable News Network (CNN).
The Wall Street Journal contends that Exxon and other major oil producing companies are tapping less oil than they used to do. However, the article argues that the cost of producing oil has gone up tremendously over the last couple of years. In addition, the author asserts that the projects used to produce the oil consume a significant amount of oil. The author cites cooling natural gas to a liquid state and heating heavy oil as one of the projects that consume an enormous amount of oil. For this reason, the article seems
to suggest that Exxon is justified to continue emitting greenhouse emissions because the alternative is costly. In addition, the author wants readers to believe that the company is doing all it can to control greenhouse emissions.
The intended audience appears to be the drafters of the Kyoto Protocol who require Exxon and other companies to limit their greenhouse emissions. The information presented in the article aims to persuade the public to assume a certain standpoint. The article ties with the audience because it tries to persuade readers to accept the author’s viewpoints. The audience is likely want to know efforts made by the company to control greenhouse emissions. The language used by the author is formal and serious because it is intended to persuade the audience to adopt a specific standpoint. On the other hand, the
CNN article is targeted at the government as it seeks the powers of the Congress to strip EPA of its powers. The language is used is formal because it is addressed to the government. The target audience is required or expected to realize EPA’s shortcomings. The main similarity between the two genres is their ability to tailor the message to suit the target audience.
Rhetorical Issues: Ethos, Pathos and Logos
The Wall Street Journal article tries to establish the credibility of the information by citing official company statistics that show a significant rise in the cost of drilling oil. In addition, it tries to elicit an emotional response from the audience by showing that the company could make losses if it had to adhere to the limits for greenhouse emissions. The
article uses established industry analysts to show the trend currently manifesting in the industry. For instance, the article quotes an official of the TriState Coalition for Responsible Investment to show that a need exists for curbing carbon emissions but the costs are simply prohibitive (Gilbert, 2014). Similarly, the author uses facts to show that Exxon’s production fell by 6.1% but the emissions increased by 3.7% (Gilbert, 2014). On the contrary, the CNN article tries to highlight the incompetence and incapacity of EPA as a regulatory body. The article claims that EPA lacks the capacity to act as an industry regulator and that another agency is required to carry out the mandate. The article uses plain but persuasive language to pass across this information. It plays with the readers’ minds by emphasizing the need to control carbon and greenhouse emissions. The evidence cited by the article is the rising cases of greenhouse emissions despite the amount of investment in the EPA. In essence, the article achieves this objective because it appeals to the minds of the reader. It also quotes figures that show the rising greenhouse emissions as proof of the failure of the regulatory body. The main similarity between the two genres is the use of figures to reinforce the intended message. They also both use quotes from the industry stakeholders to design and pass the message.
Structure and Delivery
The Wall Street Journal article is more profound in terms of structure and delivery
because of the freedom print media accord the author. In addition, the author has the leeway to design and deliver the message according to the target audience. In essence, the
Increasing the Use of Natural Gas and the Kyoto Protocol
Pedro A. Perez
University of Utep Increasing the Use of Natural Gas and the Kyoto Protocol
Introduction In the midst of the struggle to combat global warming and the resultant climate
change is the unprecedented increase in the amounts of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere. A greenhouse gas denotes a gaseous compound in the atmosphere that has
the capacity to absorb infrared radiation, consequently trapping and holding heat. Hence,
greenhouse gases lead to the greenhouse effect because they increase the atmospheric
heat. Hence, this paper analyzes two different genres concerning their coverage
concerning increasing the use of natural gas to reduce greenhouse gases. Exxon Mobil
will help sustain a better because the Kyoto protocol requires Exxon to reduce
greenhouse gases. The Wall Street Journal falls under the typography genre. The article
by Daniel Gilbert is titled “Exxon, Shell Carbon Emissions Rise Though Pumping
Drops” and implies that Exxon is finding it difficult to tap new energy sources and that it
should be excused for the continued greenhouse emissions. On the other hand, CNN falls
under the iconography genre. Its broadcast titled “'Brazen assault on the EPA' implies that
Exxon and other oil producing companies must strive to weaken the powers of the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because regulating greenhouse emissions is a
costly venture.
Audience and Purpose
There have been concerted efforts to control the emission of greenhouse gases. Essentially, the efforts have included numerous meetings and conferences with stakeholders and the signing of several pacts. Unfortunately, all these efforts are yet to bear fruit as the problem continues to compound. In addition, some states have not been kept their side of the bargain. On the contrary, they have continued to emit gases into the atmosphere with abandon. A critical analysis of the media coverage of the issue shows a certain lack of objectivity. In actual sense, media houses cover news from slightly different angles to ensure the message fits the target audience. Accusations of open bias are common as some people regard the rendition of the message as skewed and calculated
to hoodwink the public. On the other hand, some media houses might harbor ulterior motives for adopting certain stands. They may cover news and events from a certain angle to enable them to achieve predetermined objectives. Hence, the reader must be critical when reading or watching news because what the media presents might not be a true reflection of the situation on the ground. The paper will examine the coverage of the
issue by the Wall Street Journal and Cable News Network (CNN).
The Wall Street Journal contends that Exxon and other major oil producing companies are tapping less oil than they used to do. However, the article argues that the cost of producing oil has gone up tremendously over the last couple of years. In addition, the author asserts that the projects used to produce the oil consume a significant amount of oil. The author cites cooling natural gas to a liquid state and heating heavy oil as one of the projects that consume an enormous amount of oil. For this reason, the article seems
to suggest that Exxon is justified to continue emitting greenhouse emissions because the alternative is costly. In addition, the author wants readers to believe that the company is doing all it can to control greenhouse emissions.
The intended audience appears to be the drafters of the Kyoto Protocol who require Exxon and other companies to limit their greenhouse emissions. The information presented in the article aims to persuade the public to assume a certain standpoint. The article ties with the audience because it tries to persuade readers to accept the author’s viewpoints. The audience is likely want to know efforts made by the company to control greenhouse emissions. The language used by the author is formal and serious because it is intended to persuade the audience to adopt a specific standpoint. On the other hand, the
CNN article is targeted at the government as it seeks the powers of the Congress to strip EPA of its powers. The language is used is formal because it is addressed to the government. The target audience is required or expected to realize EPA’s shortcomings. The main similarity between the two genres is their ability to tailor the message to suit the target audience.
Rhetorical Issues: Ethos, Pathos and Logos
The Wall Street Journal article tries to establish the credibility of the information by citing official company statistics that show a significant rise in the cost of drilling oil. In addition, it tries to elicit an emotional response from the audience by showing that the company could make losses if it had to adhere to the limits for greenhouse emissions. The
article uses established industry analysts to show the trend currently manifesting in the industry. For instance, the article quotes an official of the TriState Coalition for Responsible Investment to show that a need exists for curbing carbon emissions but the costs are simply prohibitive (Gilbert, 2014). Similarly, the author uses facts to show that Exxon’s production fell by 6.1% but the emissions increased by 3.7% (Gilbert, 2014). On the contrary, the CNN article tries to highlight the incompetence and incapacity of EPA as a regulatory body. The article claims that EPA lacks the capacity to act as an industry regulator and that another agency is required to carry out the mandate. The article uses plain but persuasive language to pass across this information. It plays with the readers’ minds by emphasizing the need to control carbon and greenhouse emissions. The evidence cited by the article is the rising cases of greenhouse emissions despite the amount of investment in the EPA. In essence, the article achieves this objective because it appeals to the minds of the reader. It also quotes figures that show the rising greenhouse emissions as proof of the failure of the regulatory body. The main similarity between the two genres is the use of figures to reinforce the intended message. They also both use quotes from the industry stakeholders to design and pass the message.
Structure and Delivery
The Wall Street Journal article is more profound in terms of structure and delivery
because of the freedom print media accord the author. In addition, the author has the leeway to design and deliver the message according to the target audience. In essence, the
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